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For the past quarter century, there's been an annual ritual on Capital Hill. Each
spring, with the regularity of migrating warblers, the oil lobby bursts into the
halls of congress with a scheme to open to drilling the Arctic National Wildlife
Refuge, perched on the northern rim of Alaska on the ice-bound Beaufort Sea. This
seasonal onslaught prompts the big eco groups to frenzied action, unleashing a
blizzard of emergency fundraising appeals adorned with shots of caribou and polar
bears, pleading with their members to send money immediately in order to "save
the refuge". Year after year, the face off has ended in a stalemate, with
the politicians pocketing cash from both sides.
Now this dance is over. After emerging from their closed door session on the
fabricated intelligence used to sell the Iraq war (supposedly evidence of spinal-column
regeneration by Democrats), the Senate proceed to once again doom the nation's
most treasured wildlife refuge. With a 51-48 pro-drilling vote yesterday on
a deviously-crafted line item in the U.S. Senate's budget bill, the oil industry
has seized its most prized trophy: access to reservoirs of crude beneath the
1.5 million-acre wildlife refuge on the Arctic plain.
ANWR used to be an icon of the power of the environmental movement. Now it
stands as a symbol of its impotence. With ANWR, the most sacrosanct stretch
of land in North America, now pried open to the drillers, everywhere else, from
the Rocky Mountain Front to the coasts of Florida, Oregon and California, is
fair game.
It didn't come easy and in the end it took a feat of procedural prestidigitation
and the participation of a few well-placed Democrats to seal ANWR's fate.
Over the last decade, as the Republicans' grip on Congress has tightened, the
fate of ANWR has depended on the judicious invocation of the filibuster by anti-drilling
forces in the senate. Even as the drilling block gained a majority, they were
never able to muster the 60 votes needed for cloture, and the measure was repeatedly
abandoned in the doldrums of limitless senate debate.
In the past, ANWR measures have originated in the appropriations and energy
committees. But this time, the drilling scheme was secreted inside the rules
for the 2006 congressional budget resolution, which protected the proposal from
blockage by a filibuster.
This bit of legislative trickery was devised by Senator Ted Stevens. On the
eve of the senate vote, Stevens told his hometown paper, the Anchorage Daily
News, that he had been suffering from "clinical depression" for the
past three years over his inability to nail ANWR. "I'm really depressed,
as a matter of fact, I'm seriously -- I'm seriously depressed," Stevens
told the News. "Unfortunately, clinically depressed. I've been told that,
because I've just been at this too long, 24 years arguing to get Congress to
keep its word. I'm really getting to the point where I'm taking on people even
in my own party that do things that I don't think is fair. You get to that point
where you're challenging your colleagues -- that's not exactly good. I really
am very, very disturbed."
You can see why Stevens got a little sweaty. As the crucial vote neared, he
witnessed the defection of seven Republican senators: John McCain, Gordon Smith,
Olympia Snowe, Susan Collins, Lincoln Chafee, Mike DeWine and Norm Coleman.
The architect of Alaskan statehood and chief facilitator of the transfer of
the state's public resources to corporations bristled at critiques from some
in his own party that he had used sleazy tactics to secure victory. "The
only reason we're doing it [in the budget] is they filibustered for 24 years,"
Stevens, dressed for battle in his "Incredible Hulk" tie, shouted
on the floor of the senate, pounding his fist on the podium. "Twenty-four
years!"
If there's any good news to come out of this, it's that Stevens, one of the
most flagrantly corrupt members of congress, vows he'll retire once ANWR is
opened. Of course, with at least a decade's worth of lawsuits in the works,
he'll be mouldering in his grave long before a gallon of ANWR crude ever sluices
down the pipeline to Valdez.
The razor-thin victory in the senate hinged on the votes of three key Democrats:
the Hawai'ians Daniel Inouye and Daniel Akaka and Mary Landrieu from the Cajun
oil patch.
The Alaska and Hawaii delegations cruise through the congress like synchronized
swimmers, voting harmoniously when it comes to matters involving the wishes
of either state. They entered the union together, and they will leave it in
ruins together. Inouye calls Stevens his "brother". Akaka, who fashions
himself as the senate's most vocal defender of native rights, said piously he
was "saddened" that his vote trampled the concerns of the G'wichin
tribe, who live near the refuge and are subsistence hunters of the Porcupine
caribou herd, which is threatened by drilling.
When it comes to oil policy, Louisiana can be counted on to make it a threesome.
So it was no surprise to see Democrat Mary Landrieu offer her vote to the oil
cartel. She was simply following the path blazed years before by her Democratic
Party predecessors Bennett Johnston and John Breaux.
A share of the blame for the loss of ANWR must fall at the feet of Bill Clinton,
Bruce Babbitt, and the claque of environmentalists who winked at the Clinton
administration's incursions into the Arctic for eight years. When Clinton opened
to drilling the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska, only 90 miles to the west
of ANWR and a landscape of almost identical ecological features, Babbitt vowed
that the oil could be extracted without leaving anything more than a toeprint
on the tundra. Bush and Stevens used almost identical language to describe their
plans for ANWR. So the Clintonoids set the precedent for "environmentally-benign"
oil drilling in fragile ecosystems; they opened the gates to drilling ANWR.
In pushing for ANWR drilling, Bush emphasized the role Alaska oil would play
in boosting domestic supplies. But no one is really sure if there's much oil
under the tundra at all, and even the rosiest scenarios proffered by the oil
lobby suggest a big strike would only sate the nation's oil thirst for something
in the order of six months. In fact, the oil companies, which have poked and
prodded the edges of the Refuge for years with exploratory wells, are all that
excted about ANWR. They don't believe there's that much oil in the Refuge and
they know it's going to be a very expensive and protracted ordeal to extract
the crude and transport it down the trans-Alaska pipeline to those supertankers
in Valdez.
Another villain in this saga has been the Teamsters Union, under the leadership
of James Hoffa Jr. Hoffa has worked hand-in-hand with the union-busting Ted
Stevens on ANWR drilling measures over the past five years. Hoffa hailed Stevens'
arm-twisting tactics and praised the vote as a victory for the union. "For
the Teamsters, the primary motive for our support of this effort has been constant
and singular - job creation," Hoffa gloated. "The Teamsters will continue
to fight to open ANWR until we have succeeded. We look forward to putting this
prolonged national debate behind us and getting to work at developing the resources
of ANWR."
The losing bid to keep the drillers out of ANWR was led by two Democrats who
have yet to relinquish designs on the White House: John Kerry and Joe Lieberman.
This humiliating defeat should send them both packing through the exit along
with Ted Stevens. But they will cling on, deploying the same worn tactics that
led to the corporate routs on the bankruptcy and class action lawsuit bills.
ANWR has always been more about power politics than energy policy. Over the
past two-decades the Democrats and the greens establishment had been able to
stalement the Republicans. But now, even with a terminally weakened Bush, that
balance of power has shifted.
At this rate, only the Republicans will be able to save Social Security or
anything else.