War and stop-loss policies, which prevent voluntary separations from the military, are the likely culprits for the increase, according to Army researchers.

While the numbers include active duty and activated reserve components, officials could not provide specifics on soldiers on Rest and Recuperation, or how many deserters were recruits, etc.

Between Oct. 1, 2004 — the start of fiscal 2005 — and March 30, the Army registered 2,518 desertions, according to figures provided June 28 by an Army spokeswoman, Lt. Col. Pamela Hart.

In all 12 months of fiscal 2004, the total number of Army deserters was 2,723, Hart said.

The apparent rise in Army desertions reverses a reduction in such absences that began soon after the terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001.

As far as “deserting from the Iraq war,” Hart pointed out that this is nearly impossible for a soldier in a combat zone.

The soldier would have no way of exiting the country, unless they left their uniforms behind and found transport to the border, and few soldiers have the language skills to do this, Hart said.

The known exception is the pending case of the U.S. Marine, Cpl. Wassef Ali Hassoun, whose family was from Lebanon.

Before 9/11, Army desertion had increased “dramatically” over an eight-year period lasting from fiscal 1993 to fiscal 2001, according to study conducted by the U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences at the request of Army personnel officials.

That trend inspired the August 2002 study, “What We Know About AWOL and Desertion,” said that Army desertions rose from 1,284 in fiscal 1993 to 4,795 in fiscal 2001.

But as the war on terror began to heat up, Army desertions began to drop.

By fiscal 2004, which lasted from Oct. 1, 2003, to Sept. 30, 2004, the Army had just 2,723 deserters on its rolls.

But the numbers for the first six months of fiscal 2005 have risen close to the number of desertions the previous year.

The three primary reasons deserters cite for their actions are “dissatisfaction with Army life, family problems and homesickness,” Hart told Stars and Stripes.

But, she added, “although there are more desertion cases, I do not believe the raw numbers indicate an epidemic,” Hart wrote. “The vast majority of our soldiers are serving their country admirably and follow the Warrior Ethos and live by the Soldier’s Creed.”

But the 2002 study warned that the service should brace for a surge in desertions if the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan continued.

“Although the problem of AWOL (absent without leave)/desertion is fairly constant, it tends to increase in magnitude during wartime,” the study said.

There is another reason for Army desertions to go up, the Army report said: stop loss, the policy that prevents involuntary separations from the military.

The Army put a “unit” stop loss in place in January 2002 that prevents all soldiers, active and reserve, from leaving the Army not only during their deployments, but for an additional three months after they return to their home stations.

Desertion “can also increase during times, such as now, when the Army is attempting to restrict the ways that soldiers can exit service through administrative channels,” the report said.